Wednesday, June 2, 2010
Monday, March 30, 2009
China's Clothing and Textile Sector Hurts
South Africa
It seems that the great Chinese dragon[1] is wounded and its shadow over the global apparel and textile industries (T & A) has diminished albeit only slightly. Injured in the collective repercussions of the economic turmoil the world is experiencing it will retreat, develop new strategies and incentives to reappear once again in the hope of retaking through its new found power and manipulation diminished markets to feed its nation and avert any social unrest due to massive job losses in its export orientated industries.[2]
The Chinese National Bureau of Statistics reflects a decline in its textile profit for 2008 by nearly 2% compared to the same period for 2007. According to statistical data this is the first time the industry has show a negative profit growth in ten years. A collective decrease in garment and textile exports had dropped by 30%.[3] A Reuters report in January 2009 stated "Chinese factories [had] slashed output and workers at a record pace in December 2008."
In 2007 exports in textile and apparel reached US$171.17 Billion. The same report states factory output grew just under 6% from January to November 2008 and that the Chinese economy is close to "technical recession." [4] Further statistics reflect a down-turn in China's textile and apparel market showing that the mighty dragon is hurting. Between January to February 2008 production of "large-scale textile enterprises" was 16.55% an 8.05 percentage point loss for the same month in 2007. For the first ten months of 2008 total textile production was 14.73% the "sharpest contraction in five year."
Textile and garment exports between January to October 2008 were $157.413 billion a growth of 8.43% which is 12.09% lower than 2007. Textile exports for the same period Jan-Oct 2008 was $59.146 billion an increase of 2.94% from 2007 while garment exports dropped by 20.1 % for the same period equating to $98.267 billion.[5] While the global market is in a slum many textile and garment businesses in China have begun to look inward with domestic sales equating to 76.50% of China's total textile sales.
The depreciation of China's Renminbi is an added burden on the industry so is the increased cost in labour.[6] In response the Chinese government has lifted the tax rebate for both textiles and clothing enterprises twice during 2008 from 11% to 14%. It is expected the clothing export tax rebate of 17% will come into effect early this year. China will also be implementing numerous policies to reinvigorate the textile sector such as technical innovation in the early part of 2009. Industry trade specialist say the first half of 2009 will be a critical period for the textile and clothing sector to regroup. These industries will be looking for alternative markets. At the moment the sector is still very dependent on America the European Union and Japan for exports[7].
A study of the operating margin of textile operations in China indicates that two-thirds of textile companies operate on a 0.62% margin and have a direct influence on the livelihood of 15 million people. It is estimated that there are more than 20 million workers in the (C & T) industry sectors with 13 million rural migrant workers making up the bulk of the labour force. The China National Textile and Apparel Council (CNTAC) is extremely concerned about factory closures, and the ability to absorb job losses mostly among the migrant workers.[8] Official figures in 2008 indicate that there are 40,000 textile companies in China with annual sales higher than US$660.000 and there are hundreds of thousands of smaller operations.[9]
Like South Africa the US is also concerned about the possible re-flooding of apparel imports as certain quota limitations have also expired. The American apparel industry faces a threat of more job losses at a time when America cannot afford such retrenchments. In 2005 when China flooded the market nearly 55,000 jobs were lost in one year. The Chief Executive Director of the American Manufacturing Trade Action Coalition said the industry could face another 50,000 lost jobs during 2009. Between 2002 and 2008 there was a 33% "decrease in textile and apparel jobs."[10] American manufacturers said that the industry has recalibrated to compete on an even footing with China considering their low wages but could not compete when the Chinese government subsidises the industry to such an extent that China can "sell finished products for less than the fibre costs in the US."
While the Chinese dragon is licking its wounds the textile and clothing industry in Vietnam has grown. In 2007 the Vietnam industry grew by 33.4% to become in 2008 the USA's second largest foreign suppliers of textiles and clothing. China still maintains their position of the largest exporter to America. Exports from Vietnam to the European Union have also grown. In the first six months of 2008 exports to the EU grew by 8.4%. Chinese exports to the EU during the same period increased by 5.1%.
The Indonesian market saw a moderate increase in exports during the first six months of 2008, with domestic demand growing. The Malaysian textile and clothing industry saw a 3.2% decrease in 2007 while the Philippines faced heavy competition from China. Thailand's industry grew during the same period during 2008 in comparison to the same period for 2007. Bangladesh clothing exports for the financial year 2007-June 2008 rose by 16.2% and India's textile exports saw a 16.7% increase between 2007/08 while clothing exports only grew by 6.8%. The industry in Sri Lanka saw an increase of 8.5% in exports. In 2007 global fibre production increased by 6.0% the growth rate stemmed from an 8.5% increase in global man-made fibre mostly from China and India. Natural fibres saw a 2.6% growth during 2007.[11]
During the period of South Africa's quotas on Chinese imports[12] Mauritius, Malaysia and Bangladesh increased their exports to South Africa by at least 345%, 680% and 2076% respectively. Imports from Vietnam equated to 388%, Thailand by 39% and [13]Myanmar 197%.[14] The now open South African market could result in a mini trade war between China wanting to recapture market loss during the quota period and some of the countries who gained market share during the same period. The result may see even cheaper clothing enter South Africa of which South African cash-strapped consumers will benefit at the detriment of the local clothing and textile sector as South African retailers exploit the competition between foreign apparel and textile suppliers.
Written by Renato Palmi
[1] The Chinese dragon is recognised as a powerful symbol of auspicious power.
[2] Zhejiang Jianglong-China's largest textile dye company with four factories, 4000 employees and US$110 million in sales for 2007 closed in October 2008. In early 2008 The Wall Street Journal indicated that over 6000 Hong Kong-owned companies in China's Pearl River Delta would close during 2008.
[3] Xinhuanet January 1, 2009
[4] www.nakedcapitalism.com
[5] http://www.ccpittex.com Source: CNTEX: 6/1/09
[6] Labour Contract Law which took effective on Jan 1, 2008
[7] http://en.puworld.com/news_article.asp?ArticleID=69998700
[8] http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Face_Zhang
[9] Ministry of Commerce of China and China National Textile and Apparel Council (CNTAC).
[10] U.S. import limits on some Chinese textiles end Thursday. By LISA ZAGAROLI ; McClatchy Newspapers.
December 29th 2008.
[11] http://www.textilesintelligence.com
[12] The quotas official ended on 31 December 2008.
[13] The industry in Myanmar and its market share in South Africa suffered due to a report by this author.
For more click here.
[14] Import figures: January 2005-2006 compared to January 2008 to June 2008. Stats calculated from
SARS and World Trade Atlas.
It seems that the great Chinese dragon[1] is wounded and its shadow over the global apparel and textile industries (T & A) has diminished albeit only slightly. Injured in the collective repercussions of the economic turmoil the world is experiencing it will retreat, develop new strategies and incentives to reappear once again in the hope of retaking through its new found power and manipulation diminished markets to feed its nation and avert any social unrest due to massive job losses in its export orientated industries.[2]
The Chinese National Bureau of Statistics reflects a decline in its textile profit for 2008 by nearly 2% compared to the same period for 2007. According to statistical data this is the first time the industry has show a negative profit growth in ten years. A collective decrease in garment and textile exports had dropped by 30%.[3] A Reuters report in January 2009 stated "Chinese factories [had] slashed output and workers at a record pace in December 2008."
In 2007 exports in textile and apparel reached US$171.17 Billion. The same report states factory output grew just under 6% from January to November 2008 and that the Chinese economy is close to "technical recession." [4] Further statistics reflect a down-turn in China's textile and apparel market showing that the mighty dragon is hurting. Between January to February 2008 production of "large-scale textile enterprises" was 16.55% an 8.05 percentage point loss for the same month in 2007. For the first ten months of 2008 total textile production was 14.73% the "sharpest contraction in five year."
Textile and garment exports between January to October 2008 were $157.413 billion a growth of 8.43% which is 12.09% lower than 2007. Textile exports for the same period Jan-Oct 2008 was $59.146 billion an increase of 2.94% from 2007 while garment exports dropped by 20.1 % for the same period equating to $98.267 billion.[5] While the global market is in a slum many textile and garment businesses in China have begun to look inward with domestic sales equating to 76.50% of China's total textile sales.
The depreciation of China's Renminbi is an added burden on the industry so is the increased cost in labour.[6] In response the Chinese government has lifted the tax rebate for both textiles and clothing enterprises twice during 2008 from 11% to 14%. It is expected the clothing export tax rebate of 17% will come into effect early this year. China will also be implementing numerous policies to reinvigorate the textile sector such as technical innovation in the early part of 2009. Industry trade specialist say the first half of 2009 will be a critical period for the textile and clothing sector to regroup. These industries will be looking for alternative markets. At the moment the sector is still very dependent on America the European Union and Japan for exports[7].
A study of the operating margin of textile operations in China indicates that two-thirds of textile companies operate on a 0.62% margin and have a direct influence on the livelihood of 15 million people. It is estimated that there are more than 20 million workers in the (C & T) industry sectors with 13 million rural migrant workers making up the bulk of the labour force. The China National Textile and Apparel Council (CNTAC) is extremely concerned about factory closures, and the ability to absorb job losses mostly among the migrant workers.[8] Official figures in 2008 indicate that there are 40,000 textile companies in China with annual sales higher than US$660.000 and there are hundreds of thousands of smaller operations.[9]
Like South Africa the US is also concerned about the possible re-flooding of apparel imports as certain quota limitations have also expired. The American apparel industry faces a threat of more job losses at a time when America cannot afford such retrenchments. In 2005 when China flooded the market nearly 55,000 jobs were lost in one year. The Chief Executive Director of the American Manufacturing Trade Action Coalition said the industry could face another 50,000 lost jobs during 2009. Between 2002 and 2008 there was a 33% "decrease in textile and apparel jobs."[10] American manufacturers said that the industry has recalibrated to compete on an even footing with China considering their low wages but could not compete when the Chinese government subsidises the industry to such an extent that China can "sell finished products for less than the fibre costs in the US."
While the Chinese dragon is licking its wounds the textile and clothing industry in Vietnam has grown. In 2007 the Vietnam industry grew by 33.4% to become in 2008 the USA's second largest foreign suppliers of textiles and clothing. China still maintains their position of the largest exporter to America. Exports from Vietnam to the European Union have also grown. In the first six months of 2008 exports to the EU grew by 8.4%. Chinese exports to the EU during the same period increased by 5.1%.
The Indonesian market saw a moderate increase in exports during the first six months of 2008, with domestic demand growing. The Malaysian textile and clothing industry saw a 3.2% decrease in 2007 while the Philippines faced heavy competition from China. Thailand's industry grew during the same period during 2008 in comparison to the same period for 2007. Bangladesh clothing exports for the financial year 2007-June 2008 rose by 16.2% and India's textile exports saw a 16.7% increase between 2007/08 while clothing exports only grew by 6.8%. The industry in Sri Lanka saw an increase of 8.5% in exports. In 2007 global fibre production increased by 6.0% the growth rate stemmed from an 8.5% increase in global man-made fibre mostly from China and India. Natural fibres saw a 2.6% growth during 2007.[11]
During the period of South Africa's quotas on Chinese imports[12] Mauritius, Malaysia and Bangladesh increased their exports to South Africa by at least 345%, 680% and 2076% respectively. Imports from Vietnam equated to 388%, Thailand by 39% and [13]Myanmar 197%.[14] The now open South African market could result in a mini trade war between China wanting to recapture market loss during the quota period and some of the countries who gained market share during the same period. The result may see even cheaper clothing enter South Africa of which South African cash-strapped consumers will benefit at the detriment of the local clothing and textile sector as South African retailers exploit the competition between foreign apparel and textile suppliers.
Written by Renato Palmi
[1] The Chinese dragon is recognised as a powerful symbol of auspicious power.
[2] Zhejiang Jianglong-China's largest textile dye company with four factories, 4000 employees and US$110 million in sales for 2007 closed in October 2008. In early 2008 The Wall Street Journal indicated that over 6000 Hong Kong-owned companies in China's Pearl River Delta would close during 2008.
[3] Xinhuanet January 1, 2009
[4] www.nakedcapitalism.com
[5] http://www.ccpittex.com Source: CNTEX: 6/1/09
[6] Labour Contract Law which took effective on Jan 1, 2008
[7] http://en.puworld.com/news_article.asp?ArticleID=69998700
[8] http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Face_Zhang
[9] Ministry of Commerce of China and China National Textile and Apparel Council (CNTAC).
[10] U.S. import limits on some Chinese textiles end Thursday. By LISA ZAGAROLI ; McClatchy Newspapers.
December 29th 2008.
[11] http://www.textilesintelligence.com
[12] The quotas official ended on 31 December 2008.
[13] The industry in Myanmar and its market share in South Africa suffered due to a report by this author.
For more click here.
[14] Import figures: January 2005-2006 compared to January 2008 to June 2008. Stats calculated from
SARS and World Trade Atlas.
Prosperity through Competitiveness in Textile Sector
Venue: LCCI (Amin Hall) Date: 31st July, 2007 Time: 02:00 to 06:00pm
Institute of Research Promotion (IRP) in collaboration with National Productivity Organization (NPO), Ministry of Industries, Production & Special Initiatives and Lahore Chamber of Commerce & Industry (LCCI), Lahore has planned a free seminar on “Prosperity through Competitiveness in Textile Sector” to address the issues of competitiveness in Pakistani textile sector. The seminar aims at analyzing the current state of textile sector, associated problems and potential of developing competitiveness through joint efforts of academia, industry and public sector in Pakistan. The seminar will provide a unique opportunity to interact with each other, share expertise and develop linkages for the prosperity of textile sector.
SEMINAR OVERVIEW
We need textile sector
The textile sector is considered as backbone of Pakistan Economy, having multidimensional impact. The development of various sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, export, import and within country trade is directly associated with the growth in textile. Technology upgradation, foreign reserve in terms of export, value-added manufacturing, large-scale employment, banking business and overall industrial progress are heavily dependent on the developments in textile sector.
We can win
Pakistan is one of countries, having the largest base in textile sector and the finest quality of cotton. The vast area of cotton cultivation reasonably cheep labor, suitable weathers and number of other God blessings gives competitive edge over other countries in the world.
Why we failed?
Inspite of all above-mentioned rosy pictures, textile industry is facing serous problems. The survival of industry is being questioned. Business intellectuals are expressing their doubts the stability of textile sector in the highly competitive market across the world. Numbers of questions in Pakistani textile sector are waiting for response like:
Why innovation has not become the norm of this sector?
Why value-addition process is so slow or out of concern?
Why Pakistan is left behind by neighbor countries in textile market?
Why image of Pakistan is not remarkable in the global market?
Why advanced management practices are not allowed to enter our factories?
Why profitability is so low or companies are operating in loss?
Proposed remedy
The research and development always have been the collaborative effort of academia, public and corporate sector. All the major breakthroughs in technology, social and pure sciences are the results of joint projects initiated by academia and funded by government and industry. The universities always pursued innovation with the close partnership of corporate and public sector as a change agent all over the world. Therefore, IRP believes that solution of textile sector problems lies in the academia, industry and public sector partnership. IRP has planned to hold a seminar on “Prosperity through competitiveness”: A role of academia, industry and government in textile sector. The seminar would primarily address the four major questions:
What are the areas of concern in textile sector competitiveness, like export marketing, branding, technology upgradation, and value addition etc.?
What is the role of Government to address the issues of textile sector?
How academia can contribute to address the issues of textile sector?
What is the responsibility of textile sector to get their problems solved?
How this tripartite partnership can work in Pakistan?
PROGRAM SCHEDULE
Chief Guest
Mr. Shahid Hassan Sheikh
President
Lahore Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Keynote speech
“Prosperity through competitiveness: problems and prospects of Pakistani textile sector”
By Dr. Faheem ul Islam, (Assistant Professor, LUMS)
Panel discussion
“How Academia, industry and public sector partnership can bring competitiveness in textile sector”
PANELISTS
Mr. S.M. Qutub - Director Quality, Polaris & Shazak
Dr. Tanveer Ahmed - National Textile University, FSD
Mr. Akbar Shaikh - Director, North Star Textile
Mr. Mohsin Syed - Regional Director, NIP, Pakistan
Mr. Umer Farooq - Director General, Large Tax Unit, Punjab
Mr. Farhat Khan - Cotton Grower
Representative of APTMA
Anchor person and moderator
Mr. Hasan Haider
Head Training, NPO, Pakistan
PROGRAM
Venue: LCCI (Amin Hall)
Date: 31st July, 2007
Time: 02:00 to 06:00pm
For further details and registration
visit www.irp.edu.pk or
Contact
Mr. Mustafa Zaidi
Joint Director R&D, LCCI
mustafa@lcci.org.pk
0322-4051459
042-111-222-499
Mr. Rahmat Ullah
Coordinator, IRP
crd@irp.edu.pk
0321-4917181
042-5020200
Institute of Research Promotion (IRP)
13-A, AL-Hamra Building (Adkings), Faiz Road, Old Muslim Town Lahore,
www.irp.edu.pk 92-042-5020200-5835009
Institute of Research Promotion (IRP) in collaboration with National Productivity Organization (NPO), Ministry of Industries, Production & Special Initiatives and Lahore Chamber of Commerce & Industry (LCCI), Lahore has planned a free seminar on “Prosperity through Competitiveness in Textile Sector” to address the issues of competitiveness in Pakistani textile sector. The seminar aims at analyzing the current state of textile sector, associated problems and potential of developing competitiveness through joint efforts of academia, industry and public sector in Pakistan. The seminar will provide a unique opportunity to interact with each other, share expertise and develop linkages for the prosperity of textile sector.
SEMINAR OVERVIEW
We need textile sector
The textile sector is considered as backbone of Pakistan Economy, having multidimensional impact. The development of various sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing, export, import and within country trade is directly associated with the growth in textile. Technology upgradation, foreign reserve in terms of export, value-added manufacturing, large-scale employment, banking business and overall industrial progress are heavily dependent on the developments in textile sector.
We can win
Pakistan is one of countries, having the largest base in textile sector and the finest quality of cotton. The vast area of cotton cultivation reasonably cheep labor, suitable weathers and number of other God blessings gives competitive edge over other countries in the world.
Why we failed?
Inspite of all above-mentioned rosy pictures, textile industry is facing serous problems. The survival of industry is being questioned. Business intellectuals are expressing their doubts the stability of textile sector in the highly competitive market across the world. Numbers of questions in Pakistani textile sector are waiting for response like:
Why innovation has not become the norm of this sector?
Why value-addition process is so slow or out of concern?
Why Pakistan is left behind by neighbor countries in textile market?
Why image of Pakistan is not remarkable in the global market?
Why advanced management practices are not allowed to enter our factories?
Why profitability is so low or companies are operating in loss?
Proposed remedy
The research and development always have been the collaborative effort of academia, public and corporate sector. All the major breakthroughs in technology, social and pure sciences are the results of joint projects initiated by academia and funded by government and industry. The universities always pursued innovation with the close partnership of corporate and public sector as a change agent all over the world. Therefore, IRP believes that solution of textile sector problems lies in the academia, industry and public sector partnership. IRP has planned to hold a seminar on “Prosperity through competitiveness”: A role of academia, industry and government in textile sector. The seminar would primarily address the four major questions:
What are the areas of concern in textile sector competitiveness, like export marketing, branding, technology upgradation, and value addition etc.?
What is the role of Government to address the issues of textile sector?
How academia can contribute to address the issues of textile sector?
What is the responsibility of textile sector to get their problems solved?
How this tripartite partnership can work in Pakistan?
PROGRAM SCHEDULE
Chief Guest
Mr. Shahid Hassan Sheikh
President
Lahore Chamber of Commerce and Industry
Keynote speech
“Prosperity through competitiveness: problems and prospects of Pakistani textile sector”
By Dr. Faheem ul Islam, (Assistant Professor, LUMS)
Panel discussion
“How Academia, industry and public sector partnership can bring competitiveness in textile sector”
PANELISTS
Mr. S.M. Qutub - Director Quality, Polaris & Shazak
Dr. Tanveer Ahmed - National Textile University, FSD
Mr. Akbar Shaikh - Director, North Star Textile
Mr. Mohsin Syed - Regional Director, NIP, Pakistan
Mr. Umer Farooq - Director General, Large Tax Unit, Punjab
Mr. Farhat Khan - Cotton Grower
Representative of APTMA
Anchor person and moderator
Mr. Hasan Haider
Head Training, NPO, Pakistan
PROGRAM
Venue: LCCI (Amin Hall)
Date: 31st July, 2007
Time: 02:00 to 06:00pm
For further details and registration
visit www.irp.edu.pk or
Contact
Mr. Mustafa Zaidi
Joint Director R&D, LCCI
mustafa@lcci.org.pk
0322-4051459
042-111-222-499
Mr. Rahmat Ullah
Coordinator, IRP
crd@irp.edu.pk
0321-4917181
042-5020200
Institute of Research Promotion (IRP)
13-A, AL-Hamra Building (Adkings), Faiz Road, Old Muslim Town Lahore,
www.irp.edu.pk 92-042-5020200-5835009
Pakistani power cuts cripple textile sector
ISLAMABAD -- Chronic power cuts in Pakistan threaten millions of jobs and have sparked violent protests, but the government says it will make up the shortfall in electricity with new power plants by the end of the Pakistan faces a power deficit of up to 3,000 MW but the shortage peaked at more than 4,500 MW last week when outflows from reservoirs were reduced for annual irrigation canal cleaning and short oil and gas supplies reduced output from thermal power plants. As a result, the government resorted to unannounced power cuts for hours every day.
The cuts are an inconvenience for all, but a potential disaster for the textile sector, Pakistan's biggest source of exports and its main manufacturing employer.
The situation has improved since last week after more water was released from reservoirs and better oil supplies to thermal units brought down the deficit to between 2,500 and 3,000 MW. But many parts of the country still face intermittent power cuts of eight hours a day.
“The textile industry runs 24 hours a day and if eight hours are gone that means one-third of output has gone,” said Tariq Mehmood, chairman of the All Pakistan Textiles Mills Association.
His association ran a newspaper advertisement on Monday saying production was coming to a grinding halt and the industry faced total collapse. “This sector contributes 60 percent to the country's exports and provides direct employment to 2.8 million people,” he said.
Pakistan's installed capacity is about 19,845 MW, of which about a third is produced by hydro-electric power. Much of the rest is generated by thermal plants, fuelled primarily by gas and oil. Several thousand angry people, most of them textile workers, torched offices of the state-owned power utility and several vehicles in the industrial city of Faisalabad on Saturday to protest against the cuts.
year.
The cuts are an inconvenience for all, but a potential disaster for the textile sector, Pakistan's biggest source of exports and its main manufacturing employer.
The situation has improved since last week after more water was released from reservoirs and better oil supplies to thermal units brought down the deficit to between 2,500 and 3,000 MW. But many parts of the country still face intermittent power cuts of eight hours a day.
“The textile industry runs 24 hours a day and if eight hours are gone that means one-third of output has gone,” said Tariq Mehmood, chairman of the All Pakistan Textiles Mills Association.
His association ran a newspaper advertisement on Monday saying production was coming to a grinding halt and the industry faced total collapse. “This sector contributes 60 percent to the country's exports and provides direct employment to 2.8 million people,” he said.
Pakistan's installed capacity is about 19,845 MW, of which about a third is produced by hydro-electric power. Much of the rest is generated by thermal plants, fuelled primarily by gas and oil. Several thousand angry people, most of them textile workers, torched offices of the state-owned power utility and several vehicles in the industrial city of Faisalabad on Saturday to protest against the cuts.
year.
Turkish Home Textile Sector
This adventure which started with woven industry in Anatolia has become famous with the woven of many of our regions.
This adventure which started with woven industry in Anatolia has become famous with the woven of many of our regions. These are; the Buldan Fabric of Denizli, the Silk of Bursa and Çorum's Kargı Fabric,…etc. The factory which has been installed in İzmit called Hereke Fabrika-i Hümayün, throughout its 150 years history, has pioneered the production of many towel textile goods from silk woven to carpet, from clothing to sock. With the jacquard workbenches, brought from France in 1850, today the production of the fabrics for flooring and curtains which is an important and indispensable part of home textile has been provided. After the year of 1990, the home textile sector has improved significantly and Turkish home textile products have reached a position in which they can comfortably compete in world markets. The main reasons for this; a huge variety in fabric and design, being produced with last technology, usage of innovative and modern design and motives, the intersection of the highest level quality and acceptable prices. In this respect, today, in Turkey all type of home textile goods are being manufactured and Turkish home textile production is progressing on the way to be the one of the bests thanks to high product variety and excellent quality.
Turkish home textile has some vitally important qualifications specific to itself. Primarily, our country, having a very strong quality image abroad, has a machinery park with the last technology and an infrastructure with flexible work-style and qualified labor force which can produce all type of product. "Turkey Home Textile Sector" unlike many contract manufacturers of only big brands as in many divisions of textile; is one of the biggest textiles producing countries with its design, product technology, R&D investments, high production capacity and its worldwide well-known brands.
The sector which is offering highly qualified productions to global market, with its capacity, technology, quality and trend creating designs, is raising its market-share by supporting promotion and marketing activities. Among the main factors which provide the success of the sector, brand creation come the first. Today, it is observed that the companies, which ascend with their brands, are more powerful in the international arena. Furthermore, bending to high value-added quality products, participation in international fairs in order to introduce Turkish home textile products, consideration of intellectual property rights, human health, environment and total quality management are the most important factors which increase the competitiveness of the sector.
High scale companies, acquire the highest level quality in all stages of production by integrating the production process from fiber and fabric manufacture to product design, painting, finishing and sewing. This process has brought the companies acting in the home textile sector to very essential positions in Europe and world. For instance;
The machinery park established to produce embroidery and guipure in Turkey is the largest machinery park of the world.
The largest bedding factory of Europe is in Turkey.
Turkey is one of the first three suppliers of curtain and embroidery in Europe, and also is one of the first three suppliers of towel in the world.
All of these firms use high production capacity, modern technology, qualified labor-force and well-trained human resources. The success that this industry has gained in international trade is a result of the works of small and medium sized firms as well as the large, modern and vertically integrated companies.
The unique and most crucial indication of competing in the foreign trade is the dimension of investments to the branding. The most important well-known Turkish home textile brands in Europe and in the World are; Demor, Chanan, Elvin, Brillant, Home Collection, Taç, Ceys, Evita, Funika, Romans, Pinella, Dina, Narin, Unique Art, Broderi Narin, Epengle,…etc.
According to the data of Turkish Statistical Institute 5676 companies are acting in production in home textile industry. The main cities where the sector production intensifies are; Bursa, Denizli, İstanbul, İzmir and Uşak. For towel, net lace and sheet Bursa, for blanket weaving Uşak and for net lace and sheet İstanbul are the places where the production of mentioned goods is very intensive.
The most important places which provide the reach of the outside buyer to the potential of home textile are the fairs. The growth trend in the sector is rising day by day with the participation of the sector to the fairs to introduce itself and to market its products.
This adventure which started with woven industry in Anatolia has become famous with the woven of many of our regions. These are; the Buldan Fabric of Denizli, the Silk of Bursa and Çorum's Kargı Fabric,…etc. The factory which has been installed in İzmit called Hereke Fabrika-i Hümayün, throughout its 150 years history, has pioneered the production of many towel textile goods from silk woven to carpet, from clothing to sock. With the jacquard workbenches, brought from France in 1850, today the production of the fabrics for flooring and curtains which is an important and indispensable part of home textile has been provided. After the year of 1990, the home textile sector has improved significantly and Turkish home textile products have reached a position in which they can comfortably compete in world markets. The main reasons for this; a huge variety in fabric and design, being produced with last technology, usage of innovative and modern design and motives, the intersection of the highest level quality and acceptable prices. In this respect, today, in Turkey all type of home textile goods are being manufactured and Turkish home textile production is progressing on the way to be the one of the bests thanks to high product variety and excellent quality.
Turkish home textile has some vitally important qualifications specific to itself. Primarily, our country, having a very strong quality image abroad, has a machinery park with the last technology and an infrastructure with flexible work-style and qualified labor force which can produce all type of product. "Turkey Home Textile Sector" unlike many contract manufacturers of only big brands as in many divisions of textile; is one of the biggest textiles producing countries with its design, product technology, R&D investments, high production capacity and its worldwide well-known brands.
The sector which is offering highly qualified productions to global market, with its capacity, technology, quality and trend creating designs, is raising its market-share by supporting promotion and marketing activities. Among the main factors which provide the success of the sector, brand creation come the first. Today, it is observed that the companies, which ascend with their brands, are more powerful in the international arena. Furthermore, bending to high value-added quality products, participation in international fairs in order to introduce Turkish home textile products, consideration of intellectual property rights, human health, environment and total quality management are the most important factors which increase the competitiveness of the sector.
High scale companies, acquire the highest level quality in all stages of production by integrating the production process from fiber and fabric manufacture to product design, painting, finishing and sewing. This process has brought the companies acting in the home textile sector to very essential positions in Europe and world. For instance;
The machinery park established to produce embroidery and guipure in Turkey is the largest machinery park of the world.
The largest bedding factory of Europe is in Turkey.
Turkey is one of the first three suppliers of curtain and embroidery in Europe, and also is one of the first three suppliers of towel in the world.
All of these firms use high production capacity, modern technology, qualified labor-force and well-trained human resources. The success that this industry has gained in international trade is a result of the works of small and medium sized firms as well as the large, modern and vertically integrated companies.
The unique and most crucial indication of competing in the foreign trade is the dimension of investments to the branding. The most important well-known Turkish home textile brands in Europe and in the World are; Demor, Chanan, Elvin, Brillant, Home Collection, Taç, Ceys, Evita, Funika, Romans, Pinella, Dina, Narin, Unique Art, Broderi Narin, Epengle,…etc.
According to the data of Turkish Statistical Institute 5676 companies are acting in production in home textile industry. The main cities where the sector production intensifies are; Bursa, Denizli, İstanbul, İzmir and Uşak. For towel, net lace and sheet Bursa, for blanket weaving Uşak and for net lace and sheet İstanbul are the places where the production of mentioned goods is very intensive.
The most important places which provide the reach of the outside buyer to the potential of home textile are the fairs. The growth trend in the sector is rising day by day with the participation of the sector to the fairs to introduce itself and to market its products.
Growth of China's textile, clothing exports slows down
China sold abroad 185.1 billion U.S. dollars worth of textiles and clothing (including yarn, fabrics, textile products, garments and accessories) in 2008, a growth of 8.2 percent on the previous year, the General Administration of Customs said on Saturday.
But the growth rate was 10.7 percentage points below the year-earlier level.
The export value rose 10.1 percent to 16.06 billion U.S. dollars in December after it recorded a decline in February and June due mainly to weak demand upon the financial crisis.
The export recovery has begun since the second half of last year, when China readjusted the export tax rebates upward, foreign exchange rate of its currency remained stable and production cost fell, the customs administration said.
The total export value for the whole year included 119.79 billion U.S. dollars in sales of garments and accessories, up 4.1 percent, and 65.31 billion dollars in sales of yarn, fabrics and textile products, up 16.6 percent.
Source:Xinhuanet
But the growth rate was 10.7 percentage points below the year-earlier level.
The export value rose 10.1 percent to 16.06 billion U.S. dollars in December after it recorded a decline in February and June due mainly to weak demand upon the financial crisis.
The export recovery has begun since the second half of last year, when China readjusted the export tax rebates upward, foreign exchange rate of its currency remained stable and production cost fell, the customs administration said.
The total export value for the whole year included 119.79 billion U.S. dollars in sales of garments and accessories, up 4.1 percent, and 65.31 billion dollars in sales of yarn, fabrics and textile products, up 16.6 percent.
Source:Xinhuanet
Informatization boosts textile sector competitiveness
By Huang Xin
Since listed in the pilot industries for informatization application by governments, the informatization construction of China's textile industry has achieved a leap-forward progress, prominently embodied in the great enhancement in terms of the industrial public information services and enterprises' informatization application. As the giant ranking No. 1 of textile production, consumption and export in the world, China's textile industry is expected to accelerate the pace of structural adjustment and industrial upgrade under the background of international financial crisis. In order to adapt to the industrial characters of "small batches, multiple breeds, and fast transformation" in China's textile industry, applying informatization technologies is a key means.
'In the informatization construction of textile industry, industrial public information service platform construction, promotion of enterprises' informatization application and research on industrial informatization standards are three keystones.' Zhai Yanju, Deputy Director of Information Department of China National Textile And Apparel Council expressed, 'Such three aspects will be the main orientation of the informatization construction in textile industry in 2009.'
Establish a public platform, achieve information share
The character of "numerous mid-and-small enterprises and industrial centralization" in textile industry determines that establishing a public information service platform is an inevitable choice to elevate industrial informatization level and promote industrial upgrade.
There exist numerous enterprises in China's textile industry, and most of them are mid-and-small ones. During the past few years' development, industrial clusters have been shaped up gradually, in which the mid-and-small enterprises are main forces. Each textile industrial cluster houses various enterprises ranging from 100-200 to 1,000-2,000. Restricted by such factors as capital, talents and technologies, most mid-and-small enterprises are difficult to rapidly enhance the informatization application level if only depending on their own strength. Therefore, relying on the public information service platform established by governments and industrial authorities is a better choice. And the significance of establishing a public information service platform in textile industry can be seen from it.
For this point, Zhai Yanju stated, 'We have been boosting the establishment of industrial network union in China's textile industry to realize effective integration and information share of industrial information resources and fulfill the information services oriented to the whole textile industrial chain.' 'Industrial network union' system is a cluster-type application of the main websites in textile industry, takes the official website of China National Textile And Apparel Council named 'China Textile Economic Information Network' as a core, and takes such specialty websites as textile industrial clusters, specialty markets, key enterprises, scientific research institutes, textile colleges and industrial associations as their member units. At present, 'China Textile Economic Information Network' has realized the link with 25 member node networks, the design and development of main application system has been fulfilled, information resources have been developed and information share has been achieved. In the future, the number of network node used for linking systems will be increased further to extend the coverage, the construction of information resources will be reinforced successively, the industrial information resources will be integrated continuously, and the content of information service will be expanded and consummated.
'Integration is the biggest challenge in the construction of industrial public information service platform' Zhai Yanju points out that many local independent public information service platforms are restricted by zones and industrial coverage. If a united platform can be taken as a guiding to shape up a huge network covering upstream and downstream industrial chains and various zones, the charge of information collection and operation cost will be reduced greatly, then the service problem troubling the industrial platform will be solved.
Elevate competitiveness and reinforce internal strength of enterprises
The industrial characters of "multiple breeds, many orders, small batches, long production flow and successive production process in China's textile industry determines the informatization construction for enterprises is an important means to elevate enterprises' competitiveness.
In the informatization application for textile enterprises, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software is one of the industrialized products that developed and consummated with the most obvious industrial character. According to the random survey by China National Textile and Apparel Council in 2007, at present, such textile enterprises applying ERP system only took up around 7 percent, while the management of most enterprises still in the laggard manual management phase. Thus the market demand on ERP software is huge, but due to the maturity level of the ERP software suitable for the application of textile enterprises is lower, and the demand of enterprises is still difficult to meet, it is very significant to develop ERP system in textile industry.
The enterprise informatization application represented by ERP has brought favorable economic benefit for textile enterprises, especially in such aspects as reducing storage, enhancing productivity, decreasing production cost, expediting enterprises' response capability, shortening delivery time, improving products' quality and optimizing production technics, a bigger breakthrough has been achieved, and the growth of enterprises' economic benefit has been promoted efficiently. For instance, after using the informatization system, Guangdong Esquel Textile Co., Ltd has obviously improved its response capability to the market with the delivery time reduction from original 40 days in average to 25-30 days currently; and Erdos Group has reduced the manufacture cost and management stuff member by around 10 percent and 10 percent respectively while enhanced the throughput and work efficiency by 10-15 percent and 10-20 percent respectively.
Zhai Yanju expressed that, 'In 2009, we will continuously promote the demonstration project of textile enterprises' informatization application that taking ERP system construction as a core in textile industry, and drive the enterprises' informatization construction in the industry via establishing sample projects and demonstration projects.' For example, such companies as U-sun Textile Co., Ltd, Ningbo Youngor Worsted Spinning Weaving & Dyeing Co., Ltd, and Beijing Topnew Knitting Group Co., Ltd are recognized as the demonstration enterprises of informatization application in cotton textile, wool textile and weaving industries respectively, which has boosted the confidence and established samples for driving the innovative management in textile enterprises and implementing enterprises' informatization construction in the whole industry.
Meanwhile, many textile enterprises can also make use of such intangible benefits as management, service and quality represented by informatization technologies and market brands to elevate the brand effect of brand companies. For instance, Beijing Topnew Knitting Group Co., Ltd and Erdos Group have greatly enhanced their brand effect due to the implementation of informatization management on marketing network system nationwide.
Source:CE.cn
Since listed in the pilot industries for informatization application by governments, the informatization construction of China's textile industry has achieved a leap-forward progress, prominently embodied in the great enhancement in terms of the industrial public information services and enterprises' informatization application. As the giant ranking No. 1 of textile production, consumption and export in the world, China's textile industry is expected to accelerate the pace of structural adjustment and industrial upgrade under the background of international financial crisis. In order to adapt to the industrial characters of "small batches, multiple breeds, and fast transformation" in China's textile industry, applying informatization technologies is a key means.
'In the informatization construction of textile industry, industrial public information service platform construction, promotion of enterprises' informatization application and research on industrial informatization standards are three keystones.' Zhai Yanju, Deputy Director of Information Department of China National Textile And Apparel Council expressed, 'Such three aspects will be the main orientation of the informatization construction in textile industry in 2009.'
Establish a public platform, achieve information share
The character of "numerous mid-and-small enterprises and industrial centralization" in textile industry determines that establishing a public information service platform is an inevitable choice to elevate industrial informatization level and promote industrial upgrade.
There exist numerous enterprises in China's textile industry, and most of them are mid-and-small ones. During the past few years' development, industrial clusters have been shaped up gradually, in which the mid-and-small enterprises are main forces. Each textile industrial cluster houses various enterprises ranging from 100-200 to 1,000-2,000. Restricted by such factors as capital, talents and technologies, most mid-and-small enterprises are difficult to rapidly enhance the informatization application level if only depending on their own strength. Therefore, relying on the public information service platform established by governments and industrial authorities is a better choice. And the significance of establishing a public information service platform in textile industry can be seen from it.
For this point, Zhai Yanju stated, 'We have been boosting the establishment of industrial network union in China's textile industry to realize effective integration and information share of industrial information resources and fulfill the information services oriented to the whole textile industrial chain.' 'Industrial network union' system is a cluster-type application of the main websites in textile industry, takes the official website of China National Textile And Apparel Council named 'China Textile Economic Information Network' as a core, and takes such specialty websites as textile industrial clusters, specialty markets, key enterprises, scientific research institutes, textile colleges and industrial associations as their member units. At present, 'China Textile Economic Information Network' has realized the link with 25 member node networks, the design and development of main application system has been fulfilled, information resources have been developed and information share has been achieved. In the future, the number of network node used for linking systems will be increased further to extend the coverage, the construction of information resources will be reinforced successively, the industrial information resources will be integrated continuously, and the content of information service will be expanded and consummated.
'Integration is the biggest challenge in the construction of industrial public information service platform' Zhai Yanju points out that many local independent public information service platforms are restricted by zones and industrial coverage. If a united platform can be taken as a guiding to shape up a huge network covering upstream and downstream industrial chains and various zones, the charge of information collection and operation cost will be reduced greatly, then the service problem troubling the industrial platform will be solved.
Elevate competitiveness and reinforce internal strength of enterprises
The industrial characters of "multiple breeds, many orders, small batches, long production flow and successive production process in China's textile industry determines the informatization construction for enterprises is an important means to elevate enterprises' competitiveness.
In the informatization application for textile enterprises, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software is one of the industrialized products that developed and consummated with the most obvious industrial character. According to the random survey by China National Textile and Apparel Council in 2007, at present, such textile enterprises applying ERP system only took up around 7 percent, while the management of most enterprises still in the laggard manual management phase. Thus the market demand on ERP software is huge, but due to the maturity level of the ERP software suitable for the application of textile enterprises is lower, and the demand of enterprises is still difficult to meet, it is very significant to develop ERP system in textile industry.
The enterprise informatization application represented by ERP has brought favorable economic benefit for textile enterprises, especially in such aspects as reducing storage, enhancing productivity, decreasing production cost, expediting enterprises' response capability, shortening delivery time, improving products' quality and optimizing production technics, a bigger breakthrough has been achieved, and the growth of enterprises' economic benefit has been promoted efficiently. For instance, after using the informatization system, Guangdong Esquel Textile Co., Ltd has obviously improved its response capability to the market with the delivery time reduction from original 40 days in average to 25-30 days currently; and Erdos Group has reduced the manufacture cost and management stuff member by around 10 percent and 10 percent respectively while enhanced the throughput and work efficiency by 10-15 percent and 10-20 percent respectively.
Zhai Yanju expressed that, 'In 2009, we will continuously promote the demonstration project of textile enterprises' informatization application that taking ERP system construction as a core in textile industry, and drive the enterprises' informatization construction in the industry via establishing sample projects and demonstration projects.' For example, such companies as U-sun Textile Co., Ltd, Ningbo Youngor Worsted Spinning Weaving & Dyeing Co., Ltd, and Beijing Topnew Knitting Group Co., Ltd are recognized as the demonstration enterprises of informatization application in cotton textile, wool textile and weaving industries respectively, which has boosted the confidence and established samples for driving the innovative management in textile enterprises and implementing enterprises' informatization construction in the whole industry.
Meanwhile, many textile enterprises can also make use of such intangible benefits as management, service and quality represented by informatization technologies and market brands to elevate the brand effect of brand companies. For instance, Beijing Topnew Knitting Group Co., Ltd and Erdos Group have greatly enhanced their brand effect due to the implementation of informatization management on marketing network system nationwide.
Source:CE.cn
Monday, March 23, 2009
Survival of textile industry rests on three key factors
The Indian textile industry experienced a reverse trajectory in its exports during 2008, which is not a welcome situation. Economists predict that economy will start reviving only by 2011. The interim would be a period of stress for Indian textile industry.
The industry has to practice diversification of scale, quality and innovation to survive the current dire situation. These are the three legs upon which the Indian textile industry should stand.
A recent study by the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry states that the Indian textile industry should invest in Research and Development of value-added and functional textiles that could be used by the Indian military.
High performance yarns and products using high performance fibers such as Nomex, Kevlar, and fire retardant fibers can be used in defense and aerospace sectors.
The industry should also plan for enhancement through expanding the product basket and product mix for a particular industry based on its efficiencies and resources.
It should not only aim at developing the international market, but also focus on the growing middle class domestic market.
Click here to read the complete article.
Source : Fibre2fashion
The industry has to practice diversification of scale, quality and innovation to survive the current dire situation. These are the three legs upon which the Indian textile industry should stand.
A recent study by the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry states that the Indian textile industry should invest in Research and Development of value-added and functional textiles that could be used by the Indian military.
High performance yarns and products using high performance fibers such as Nomex, Kevlar, and fire retardant fibers can be used in defense and aerospace sectors.
The industry should also plan for enhancement through expanding the product basket and product mix for a particular industry based on its efficiencies and resources.
It should not only aim at developing the international market, but also focus on the growing middle class domestic market.
Click here to read the complete article.
Source : Fibre2fashion
USA : Kami Shade' announces 'Hollywood Shop Til' You Drop'
Kami Shade’ announces “Hollywood Shop Til’ You Drop”, at The Exclusive Wyndham Bel Age Hotel in West Hollywood on July 16, 2005. This event is West Hollywood’s Newest Shopping Experience.
Hollywood Shop Til’ You Drop is a monthly shopping event which features Designer Clothing, Huge Selection of HOTT!! Gear for Men, Vintage Tees, Betsy Johnson, Sergio, Rhinestone Tanks, Sexy Summer Dresses, Kami Shade’ “The Collection”, Zola, Trace Clothing, CMZ Designs, Sunday Driver, Betsy Johnson, Religion, Naked Clothing, Design Kulture 360, Saaz Designs, Handbags, Designer Jewelry seen on "Desperate Housewives, Halle Berry, Hilary Duff, Pam Anderson, E! Network, Lucky, Elle & many more..
This event also features “Hollywood’s Best” dance teams and exclusive runway fashion shows held every half hour featuring the hottest runway models in Los Angeles as well as the hottest spring/fall lines of the season. VIP reserved seating is available for our celebrity clientele which this event attracts every month.
Previous Celebrity Guests; Trisha Simmons (Desperate Housewives), Megan Fox (Hope & Faith), Mario Lopez (Saved by The Bell), Elise Neal (All Of Us), Taraji Henson (Baby Boy, Hustle & Flow), Terrance Howard (The Brothers, Hustle & Flow), Tammi Tyson (All Fox Sports Net), Tisha Campbell-Martin (My Wife & My Kids), Dorian Gregory (Charmed), Anthony Anderson (Barber Shop, Hustle & Flow) & many more.
Enjoys hours of shopping from 12pm to 5pm. All invited guests receive complimentary manicures, massages and MAC makeovers. Clothing, Jewelry and handbag giveaways are every half hour up ($1500 Value). Guest must rsvp to attend to kami@kamishade.com.
Source: http://www.fibre2fashion.com
Hollywood Shop Til’ You Drop is a monthly shopping event which features Designer Clothing, Huge Selection of HOTT!! Gear for Men, Vintage Tees, Betsy Johnson, Sergio, Rhinestone Tanks, Sexy Summer Dresses, Kami Shade’ “The Collection”, Zola, Trace Clothing, CMZ Designs, Sunday Driver, Betsy Johnson, Religion, Naked Clothing, Design Kulture 360, Saaz Designs, Handbags, Designer Jewelry seen on "Desperate Housewives, Halle Berry, Hilary Duff, Pam Anderson, E! Network, Lucky, Elle & many more..
This event also features “Hollywood’s Best” dance teams and exclusive runway fashion shows held every half hour featuring the hottest runway models in Los Angeles as well as the hottest spring/fall lines of the season. VIP reserved seating is available for our celebrity clientele which this event attracts every month.
Previous Celebrity Guests; Trisha Simmons (Desperate Housewives), Megan Fox (Hope & Faith), Mario Lopez (Saved by The Bell), Elise Neal (All Of Us), Taraji Henson (Baby Boy, Hustle & Flow), Terrance Howard (The Brothers, Hustle & Flow), Tammi Tyson (All Fox Sports Net), Tisha Campbell-Martin (My Wife & My Kids), Dorian Gregory (Charmed), Anthony Anderson (Barber Shop, Hustle & Flow) & many more.
Enjoys hours of shopping from 12pm to 5pm. All invited guests receive complimentary manicures, massages and MAC makeovers. Clothing, Jewelry and handbag giveaways are every half hour up ($1500 Value). Guest must rsvp to attend to kami@kamishade.com.
Source: http://www.fibre2fashion.com
India is clearly losing its competitive edge in global markets
AEPC has demanded the duty drawback rates be increased to 14.64% from the current 8.8% for cotton apparel, 9.8% for blended garments and 10.5% for synthetic garments. Apparel exporters have demanded an increase in the duty draw back rate to 14.64% to fight the rapid decline in order from foreign retailers, many of whom are facing bankruptcy and have closed hundreds of stores as much of industrially advanced economies has slid into recession. Duty drawback rate is the percentage of total value of exports, which exporters get back as soon the shipment is sent. This is a refund of all duties paid by exporters on raw materials for apparel products, which exporters claim back from the government as exporters are expected to have a level playing field with exporters from other
countries. Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) estimates that around 5 lakh jobs have been lost in the past six months. Textile hubs of Tirupur, Noida and Gurgaon have been badly affected with several factories getting closed. According to AEPC, apparel export declined 0.2% between April and November 2008, compared to the same period in the pervious year. Apparel exports may touch only $8.78 billion in the current fiscal, 24% less than the target of $11.62 billion and 9.3% down from 2007.
India is clearly losing its competitive edge in global markets. Even as exports from India have declined, Bangladesh, Vietnam and Indonesia have been able to increase their market share. Lower labour cost and higher government incentives have kept neighbouring countries in better health than India. "India doesn't produce as cheap a product as Bangledesh or Vietnam and supplies to several mid-market and high-end retailers, who are much worse hit than value retailers such as Wal-Mart. Retailers are rushing to low-cost countries in the downturn, reducing orders to India
countries. Apparel Export Promotion Council (AEPC) estimates that around 5 lakh jobs have been lost in the past six months. Textile hubs of Tirupur, Noida and Gurgaon have been badly affected with several factories getting closed. According to AEPC, apparel export declined 0.2% between April and November 2008, compared to the same period in the pervious year. Apparel exports may touch only $8.78 billion in the current fiscal, 24% less than the target of $11.62 billion and 9.3% down from 2007.
India is clearly losing its competitive edge in global markets. Even as exports from India have declined, Bangladesh, Vietnam and Indonesia have been able to increase their market share. Lower labour cost and higher government incentives have kept neighbouring countries in better health than India. "India doesn't produce as cheap a product as Bangledesh or Vietnam and supplies to several mid-market and high-end retailers, who are much worse hit than value retailers such as Wal-Mart. Retailers are rushing to low-cost countries in the downturn, reducing orders to India
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